Introduction
It is not obligatory that parties in a civil or criminal proceeding should call every witness and put in all documents in the case before the court. What is of essence is not the quantum of evidence but the quality and weight. Hence a court can convict upon the testimony of a single witness. An example is a positive, direct, voluntary and dogmatic confession. However, there are certain cases where the law demands a specified number of witnesses to sustain a conviction. This additional evidence in support is “corroboration” and it is the subject matter of this unit. You will learn to explain its meaning, its form, where it is required in Law or as a matter of practice and its application.
What is Corroboration?
Confirmation or support by additional evidence as it is being put by the Black’s Law Dictionary 7th edition) means Confirmation, ratification, verification, or validity of an existing evidence in some material particular from another independent witness or witnesses implicating the accused.
It is the evidence that differs from but strengthens or reinforces other evidence; especially that which needs support. It is a confirmatory or supporting proof of a matter on which evidence of the same fact has already been or will be given.
Functionally, corroboration is essentially confirmatory or supportive evidence in the sense that it proves:
That a crime has been committed
That the accused is implicated in it
Corroboration shows that the evidence of the witness is probably true and that it is reasonably safe to convict on it. Evidence in corroboration must be independent testimony, which affects the accused by connecting or tending to connect him with the crime: R.v BASKERVILLE [1914] KB 658.
It is not necessary that the independent